78. Two atoms are considered: O and Al.
Based on the exchange mechanism of covalent bond formation, explain which of the two atoms can exhibit a valence equal to the group number. Give a graphical explanation, considering the possibility of excitation of atoms. Indicate the possible valence states of each atom.

If you cannot open the file or have any problems, do not rush to leave a negative review! Contact me and I will quickly help you solve the problem. After purchasing, please leave a positive review of the product :)