In a diode, electrons emitted by the hot cathode enter the retarding field of the anode. Only fast enough electrons reach the anode. Assuming that the thermal velocities of the emitted (emerging from the cathode) electrons are distributed according to Maxwell’s law with a temperature T = 1150 K, determine the fraction of electrons a that overcome the retarding potential: 1) V = 0.2 V; 2) V = 0.4 V. The cathode is a thin straight thread stretched along the axis of the cylindrical anode.

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